Oil cargo handling safer.

How to make cargo handling operation on Oil Tanker safer? What are some recommendations to consider ?

Marine Insurances

What are the different types of Marine Insurance and Marine Insurance Policies?

Difference of Laydays and Laytime

Lay days and lay time are both commercial shipping terms that are often confused as referring to the same meaning. Though both deals with the same aspect – time for loading and discharging of the cargo, there is a major difference between the two terms. Laydays can be defined as the days kept aside in a ship’s voyage schedule for loading and unloading of the cargo. Laydays represent the time at which a ship must reach the charterer for cargo operations. Laytime can be defined as the amount of time allowed to a ship in a voyage charter for loading and unloading of cargo at a port. If a ship fails to complete the work during this allotted time and the ship is required to stay at a port for a longer time, then demurrage (fine) is incurred to the ship owner.

Female in Maritime Industry

How can we encourage Female participation in the Maritime industry sectors?
 as Role model and/or Mentors?

More opinions, comments, ideas or suggestion on this subject matter will be highly commended..

thanks,    rfraz

Sovereign Risk

Good day to all classmates!!!

Can l have some of your opinion on this title  : Sovereign Risk,  can somebody explain more
 with appreciation on any comments and ideas, Please include any significant lead factor on this, 
Thanks, rfraz

Philippines ratification marks global milestone for decent work for seafarers The Philippines is the 30th Member to have its ratification registered and join the group of the “first 30” ILO countries to demonstrate their commitment to ensuring decent work for seafarer and a level playing field for quality shipowners. The ratification by the Philippines will enable the Convention to come into effect as binding international law on 20 August 2013. This is good for all Filipino seafarers but how about Phil local domestic shipping industry's comment on this new development ? Is this also a good news for them ? I just hope that they will also comply with the MLC 2006 for the benefits of our seafarers.

OPA 90

The passing of the Oil Pollution Act of 1990 (OPA 90) after the Exxon Valdez disaster has led to the requirement to replace single hull petroleum tankers with double hull tank vessels sailing in U.S. waters. This requirement was soon adopted by the IMO and became a worldwide regulation. This means that, now, tank vessels worldwide are carrying thousands of extra tons of steel in order to meet the double hull requirements. Though these double hulls reduce the threat of oil pollution as a result of grounding, they significantly increase the amount of energy needed to propel a vessel and increase the amount of air pollution into the atmosphere. As a result, the maritime industry’s carbon footprint and criteria pollutant emissions also increased.